如何恢复一个只有完好数据文件的数据库？

在没有控制文件备份的情况下，重新创建控制文件也是其中一个选择。本文旨在帮助初学者学习之用，谢谢！！

　　如何恢复一个只有完好数据文件的数据库？

　　本文欲将此数据文件恢复成数据库TTI，实例名TTI

　　$ORACLE_HOME=d:oracleora92

　　1、创建相关目录

　　d:oracleoradatatti --拷贝数据文件到此目录下，如果没有redolog文件，需要手工创建

d:oracleadminttibdump
d:oracleadmintticdump
d:oracleadmintticreate
d:oracleadminttipfile
d:oracleadminttiudump

　　2、创建初始化文件（本例的初始化文件D:oracleadminttipfileinit.ora）

　　可拷贝现有数据库的初始化文件进行修改，主要修改内容如下：

db_name=tti
background_dump_dest=D:oracleadminttibdump
core_dump_dest=D:oracleadmintticdump
timed_statistics=TRUE
user_dump_dest=D:oracleadminttiudump
control_files=("D:oracleoradatattiCONTROL01.CTL", "D:oracleoradatattiCONTROL02.CTL", "D:oracleoradatattiCONTROL03.CTL")
instance_name=tti
dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ttiXDB)"

　　3、创建实例及密码文件

开始-〉执行-〉cmd
D:>oradim.exe -new -sid tti -startmode m
D:>orapwd.exe file=d:oracleora92databasePWDtti.ora password=zlw001

　　4、添加监听和连接

　　1）在d:oracleora92networkadminlistener.ora中的SID_LIST_LISTENER下面添加如下内容：

(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = tti)
(ORACLE_HOME = D:oracleora92)
(SID_NAME = tti)
)

　　2）在d:oracleora92networkadmintnsnames.ora中添加如下内容：
　　（这里注意：如果你的d:oracleora92networkadminsqlnet.ora中的参数
NAMES.DEFAULT_DOMAIN = ###，则你的tnsnames.ora中下面的title那里也要改为tti.###）

tti = #title
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = MIS011)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = tti)
)
)

　5、开始重建控制文件

　　1）在类似的数据库(比如数据库名称"rman")上执行：
　　alter database backup controlfile to trace;
　　然后在D:oracleadminrmanudump下找到最新的trace文件，以文本方式打开，找到类似下面的一段话:

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STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "rman" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
-- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
MAXLOGFILES 50
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 226
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 'D:ORACLEORADATARMANREDO01.LOG' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 'D:ORACLEORADATARMANREDO02.LOG' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 'D:ORACLEORADATARMANREDO03.LOG' SIZE 100M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANSYSTEM01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANUNDOTBS01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANCWMLITE01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANDRSYS01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANEXAMPLE01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANINDX01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANODM01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANTOOLS01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANUSERS01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANXDB01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATARMANTEST.ORA'
CHARACTER SET WE8MSWIN1252

　　2）将上面这段话修改为如下：

STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE set DATABASE "tti" RESETLOGS --注意这里要"set"
-- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
MAXLOGFILES 50
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 226
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO01.LOG' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO02.LOG' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO03.LOG' SIZE 100M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiSYSTEM01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiUNDOTBS01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiCWMLITE01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiDRSYS01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiEXAMPLE01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiINDX01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiODM01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiTOOLS01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiUSERS01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiXDB01.DBF',
'D:ORACLEORADATAttiTEST.ORA'
CHARACTER SET WE8MSWIN1252

3）开始重建控制文件

D:>sqlplus/nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Nov 16 09:08:19 2006
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn sys/zlw001@tti as sysdba;
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount pfile=d:oracleadminttipfileinit.ora;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes
Fixed Size 453492 bytes
Variable Size 109051904 bytes
Database Buffers 25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE set DATABASE "tti" RESETLOGS
2 -- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
3 MAXLOGFILES 50
4 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
5 MAXDATAFILES 100
6 MAXINSTANCES 1
7 MAXLOGHISTORY 226
8 LOGFILE
9 GROUP 1 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO01.LOG' SIZE 100M,
10 GROUP 2 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO02.LOG' SIZE 100M,
11 GROUP 3 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO03.LOG' SIZE 100M
12 -- STANDBY LOGFILE
13 DATAFILE
14 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiSYSTEM01.DBF',
15 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiUNDOTBS01.DBF',
16 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiCWMLITE01.DBF',
17 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiDRSYS01.DBF',
18 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiEXAMPLE01.DBF',
19 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiINDX01.DBF',
20 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiODM01.DBF',
21 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiTOOLS01.DBF',
22 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiUSERS01.DBF',
23 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiXDB01.DBF',
24 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiTEST.ORA'
25 CHARACTER SET WE8MSWIN1252;
Control file created.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
tti OPEN
SQL> select ts#,name from v$datafile;
file# NAME
--------- --------------------------------------------
1 D:ORACLEORADATATTISYSTEM01.DBF
2 D:ORACLEORADATATTIUNDOTBS01.DBF
3 D:ORACLEORADATATTICWMLITE01.DBF
4 D:ORACLEORADATATTIDRSYS01.DBF
5 D:ORACLEORADATATTIEXAMPLE01.DBF
6 D:ORACLEORADATATTIINDX01.DBF
7 D:ORACLEORADATATTIODM01.DBF
8 D:ORACLEORADATATTITOOLS01.DBF
9 D:ORACLEORADATATTIUSERS01.DBF
10 D:ORACLEORADATATTIXDB01.DBF
11 D:ORACLEORADATATTITEST.ORA
11 rows selected.
SQL>

　　至此全部结束！