064_《Delphi7程序设计与开发技术大全》

《Delphi7程序设计与开发技术大全》

Delphi 教程 系列书籍 (064) 《Delphi7程序设计与开发技术大全》 网友（邦）整理 EMail: [e-mail]

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• 作者： 求是科技
• 丛书名： 软件工程师开发技术大全
• 出版社：人民邮电出版社
• ISBN：7115117209
• 上架时间：2006-9-29
• 出版日期：2006 年3月
• 开本：16开
• 页码：784
• 版次：1-3

内容简介

本书详细介绍了利用delphi 7开发应用程序的各项知识和诸多技巧。内容由浅入深、重点突出、实例丰富，既适于初/中级读者按部就班地学习，也可作为中/高级读者的良好参考书籍。全书共包括25章，分门别类的介绍了delphi 7的知识，全面深入地讲解了delphi 7的各项功能，每章先介绍基础原理，再分析各种具体的技术手段，最后是工程实践应用。既能让读者系统的学习各方面内容，又可以直接应用于项目开发。由于篇幅有限，书中没有列出所有程序的源代码，详细的源代码请查阅光盘。

目录

第1 章 Delphi 概述··················································································································· 1

1.1 Delphi 介绍··················································································································· 1

1.2 Delphi 7 的主要特性····································································································· 2

1.2.1 熟悉语言特性···································································································· 2

1.2.2 丰富的组件······································································································· 2

1.2.3 功能强大的数据库访问技术············································································· 3

1.2.4 便捷的Internet 编程技术·················································································· 3

1.3 Delphi 7 的安装与卸载································································································· 3

1.3.1 Delphi 7 的安装································································································· 3

1.3.2 Delphi 7 的卸载································································································· 6

第2 章 Delphi 7 的集成开发环境····························································································· 8

2.1 集成开发环境中的窗口元素························································································ 8

2.1.1 对象编辑器······································································································· 8

2.1.2 工程管理器······································································································· 8

2.1.3 代码编辑器······································································································· 9

2.1.4 对象浏览器····································································································· 11

2.1.5 调试器············································································································· 11

2.2 集成开发环境中的操作界面······················································································ 13

2.2.1 主菜单············································································································· 13

2.2.2 工具栏············································································································· 18

2.2.3 组件面板········································································································· 19

2.3 定制集成开发环境····································································································· 19

2.3.1 定制编程环境·································································································· 19

2.3.2 定制代码编辑器······························································································ 20

2.3.3 定制工具栏····································································································· 20

2.3.4 定制组件面板·································································································· 21

2.3.5 定制窗口位置·································································································· 22

2.3.6 保存当前定制·································································································· 22

2.4 附属工具···················································································································· 23

2.4.1 Database Desktop····························································································· 23

2.4.2 数据库引擎（BDE Administrator） ································································ 29

2.4.3 SQL Explorer ··································································································· 30

2.4.4 Data Pump ······································································································· 31

2.4.5 Image Editor ···································································································· 32

2.5 使用帮助系统············································································································· 34

第3 章 应用程序框架············································································································· 35

3.1 创建一个简单的Delphi 程序····················································································· 35

3.2 构成Delphi 工程的文件····························································································· 38

3.2.1 工程文件（.dpr）···························································································· 38

3.2.2 单元文件（.pas）···························································································· 38

3.2.3 窗体文件（.dfm）··························································································· 40

3.2.4 资源文件（.res） ···························································································· 41

3.2.5 工程选项及桌面配置文件（.dof）································································· 42

3.2.6 中间编译单元（.dcu）···················································································· 42

3.2.7 备份文件（.～ pas）······················································································ 42

3.2.8 包文件（.dpk）······························································································· 42

3.3 Delphi 项目的框架类·································································································· 42

3.3.1 TForm 类········································································································· 43

3.3.2 TApplication 类································································································ 45

3.3.3 TScreen 类······································································································· 48

3.4 Delphi 的公共体系结构······························································································ 48

3.4.1 Delphi 固有的体系结构··················································································· 48

3.4.2 多文档应用程序······························································································ 49

3.4.3 数据库模块窗体······························································································ 50

3.4.4 网络模块窗体·································································································· 51

3.5 Delphi 工程的常见管理方法······················································································ 51

3.5.1 工程的目录结构······························································································ 51

3.5.2 专用单元存放公共代码·················································································· 52

3.5.3 管理多个工程·································································································· 52

第4 章 Object Pascal 语言······································································································· 53

4.1 语言基础···················································································································· 53

4.1.1 Object Pascal 语言编写环境············································································ 53

4.1.2 注释语句········································································································· 54

4.1.3 标识符············································································································· 54

4.1.4 保留字和指令字······························································································ 55

4.1.5 数据类型与定义变量······················································································ 56

4.1.6 Object Pascal 的运算符··················································································· 64

4.1.7 语句················································································································· 65

4.1.8 过程与函数····································································································· 69

4.1.9 规范化命名····································································································· 74

4.2 面向对象的特性········································································································· 75

4.2.1 类和对象········································································································· 75

4.2.2 类的定义········································································································· 75

4.2.3 类的封装········································································································· 76

4.2.4 类的继承········································································································· 76

4.2.5 构造与析构····································································································· 77

4.2.6 方法················································································································· 80

4.2.7 多态性············································································································· 82

4.2.8 类运算符········································································································· 85

4.2.9 类方法和类引用······························································································ 87

4.3 结构化异常处理········································································································· 89

4.3.1 Try...Except 语句和Try...Finally 语句····························································· 89

4.3.2 Raise 语句······································································································· 91

4.3.3 异常类············································································································· 92

4.4 方法与技巧················································································································· 92

4.4.1 设置代码模板·································································································· 92

4.4.2 设置提示信息·································································································· 93

第5 章 使用VCL 组件编程···································································································· 94

5.1 可视化类库（VCL） ································································································· 94

5.1.1 VCL 类库结构································································································· 94

5.1.2 组件运行机制·································································································· 95

5.2 VCL 常用基类············································································································ 99

5.2.1 TPersistent 类··································································································· 99

5.2.2 TComponent 类································································································ 99

5.2.3 TControl 类···································································································· 100

5.2.4 TWinControl 类····························································································· 100

5.2.5 TGraphicControl 类······················································································· 101

5.2.6 TCustomControl 类························································································ 101

5.3 Delphi 组件··············································································································· 102

5.3.1 Delphi 组件的优势························································································ 102

5.3.2 组件的分类··································································································· 102

5.3.3 组件的属性、事件和方法············································································· 103

5.3.4 组件的基本操作···························································································· 106

5.4 使用Delphi 组件编程······························································································· 107

5.4.1 示例功能······································································································· 108

5.4.2 设置窗体······································································································· 108

5.4.3 编写代码······································································································· 110

第6 章 常用VCL 组件的使用······························································································ 112

6.1 简单组件·················································································································· 112

6.1.1 标签组件（TLabel）····················································································· 112

6.1.2 按钮组件（TButton）··················································································· 115

6.1.3 复选框组件（TCheckBox） ········································································· 116

6.1.4 单选框组件（TRadioButton）······································································ 117

6.1.5 下拉列表组件（TComboBox） ···································································· 117

6.1.6 窗格组件（TPanel）····················································································· 120

6.1.7 滚动条组件（TScrollBar）··········································································· 121

6.1.8 单选分组框组件（TRadioGroup） ······························································· 123

6.1.9 简单组件编程示例························································································ 124

6.2 文本编辑组件··········································································································· 126

6.2.1 单行编辑框组件（TEdit）············································································ 127

6.2.2 多行编辑框组件（TMemo）········································································ 129

6.2.3 RTF 编辑组件（TRichEdit） ········································································ 130

6.2.4 格式输入组件（TMaskEdit）······································································· 131

6.2.5 文本编辑组件编程示例················································································ 133

6.3 分组组件·················································································································· 139

6.3.1 Tab 组件（TTabControl） ············································································· 139

6.3.2 多页组件（TPageControl） ·········································································· 141

6.3.3 Tab 表组件（TTabSheet） ············································································ 143

6.3.4 分组组件编程示例························································································ 145

6.4 图形显示组件··········································································································· 149

6.4.1 图像组件（TImage）···················································································· 149

6.4.2 位图组件（TBitMap）·················································································· 150

6.4.3 图形显示组件编程示例················································································ 152

6.5 对话框组件··············································································································· 153

6.5.1 打开对话框组件（TOpenDialog） ······························································· 153

6.5.2 另存为对话框组件（TSaveDialog） ···························································· 156

6.5.3 打开图像对话框组件（TOpenPictureDialog）············································· 156

6.5.4 图像另存为对话框（TSavePictureDialog）·················································· 157

6.5.5 字体对话框（TFontDialog） ········································································ 157

6.5.6 颜色对话框（TColorDialog） ······································································ 158

6.5.7 打印对话框（TPrintDialog）········································································ 159

6.5.8 打印设置对话框（TPrinterSetupDialog）····················································· 160

6.5.9 查找对话框（TFindDialog） ········································································ 160

6.5.10 替换对话框（TReplaceDialog）································································· 161

6.5.11 对话框组件编程示例·················································································· 162

第7 章 高级VCL 组件········································································································· 167

7.1 窗体组件·················································································································· 167

7.1.1 表头组件（THeaderControl）······································································· 167

7.1.2 状态栏组件（TStatusBar）··········································································· 169

7.1.3 工具栏组件（TToolBar） ············································································· 171

7.1.4 酷栏组件（TCoolBar） ················································································ 174

7.1.5 窗体组件编程实例························································································ 175

7.2 菜单组件·················································································································· 178

7.2.1 主菜单组件（TMainMenu）········································································· 178

7.2.2 弹出菜单组件（TPopMenu）······································································· 180

7.2.3 菜单组件编程示例························································································ 182

7.3 表格组件·················································································································· 186

7.3.1 自绘栅格组件（TDrawGrid） ······································································ 186

7.3.2 字符串栅格组件（TStringGrid）·································································· 189

7.3.3 表格显示组件编程示例················································································ 189

7.4 列表组件·················································································································· 193

7.4.1 列表框组件（TListBox） ············································································· 193

7.4.2 动作列表组件（TActionList）······································································ 196

7.4.3 图像列表组件（TImageList） ······································································ 198

7.4.4 树型视图组件（TTreeView）······································································· 203

7.4.5 列表视图组件（TListView）········································································ 207

7.4.6 列表组件编程示例························································································ 212

7.5 打印相关·················································································································· 215

7.5.1 Quick Report 打印组件·················································································· 215

7.5.2 Rave Report 打印组件··················································································· 217

第8 章 窗体编程··················································································································· 218

8.1 窗体的分类··············································································································· 218

8.1.1 SDI 窗体········································································································ 218

8.1.2 MDI 窗体······································································································ 219

8.1.3 MPI 窗体······································································································· 222

8.2 窗体的基本属性、方法和事件················································································ 222

8.2.1 窗体的基本属性···························································································· 223

8.2.2 窗体的基本方法···························································································· 226

8.2.3 窗体的基本事件···························································································· 227

8.3 模式窗体与非模式窗体···························································································· 230

8.3.1 模式窗体······································································································· 230

8.3.2 非模式窗体··································································································· 231

8.4 窗体示例·················································································································· 231

第9 章 事件处理··················································································································· 234

9.1 事件的定义及作用··································································································· 234

9.2 常用事件·················································································································· 234

9.2.1 键盘事件······································································································· 234

9.2.2 鼠标事件······································································································· 235

9.3 拖曳事件·················································································································· 235

9.4 事件编程示例··········································································································· 237

9.4.1 检测是否按下Shift、Alt 或Ctrl 键······························································ 237

9.4.2 模拟按下键盘上的某个键············································································· 238

9.4.3 限制鼠标移动的范围···················································································· 247

9.4.4 自定义鼠标··································································································· 248

9.4.5 设置光标闪烁的速度···················································································· 249

9.4.6 不同程序间的拖曳操作················································································ 251

第10 章 文件和路径处理····································································································· 253

10.1 文件管理常用函数和过程······················································································ 253

10.1.1 文件操作常用函数和过程··········································································· 253

10.1.2 目录操作函数和过程·················································································· 256

10.1.3 驱动器操作常用函数·················································································· 259

10.2 各种文件类型的输入输出······················································································ 259

10.2.1 文本文件····································································································· 260

10.2.2 类型文件····································································································· 261

10.2.3 无类型文件·································································································· 263

10.3 映像内存的操作····································································································· 264

10.3.1 映像内存函数······························································································ 265

10.3.2 内存映像的步骤·························································································· 266

10.3.3 内存映像示例······························································································ 267

10.4 目录和驱动器········································································································· 272

10.4.1 获取System 目录························································································ 272

10.4.2 获取Windows 目录····················································································· 273

10.4.3 获取当前目录······························································································ 273

10.4.4 获取可用驱动器信息·················································································· 274

第11 章 GDI 和图像编程····································································································· 276

11.1 Delphi 的绘图类····································································································· 276

11.1.1 画布类（TCanvas） ···················································································· 276

11.1.2 画笔类（TPen）·························································································· 282

11.1.3 画刷类（TBrush） ······················································································ 285

11.1.4 颜色类（TColor）······················································································· 286

11.2 画图程序················································································································· 287

11.2.1 界面设计····································································································· 287

11.2.2 代码设计····································································································· 290

11.2.3 菜单设计····································································································· 294

11.3 坐标系统和映射模式······························································································ 297

11.3.1 设备坐标系·································································································· 298

11.3.2 逻辑坐标系·································································································· 298

11.3.3 屏幕坐标系·································································································· 298

11.3.4 窗体坐标系·································································································· 298

11.3.5 坐标映射····································································································· 299

11.3.6 设置映射模式······························································································ 300

11.3.7 设置窗口范围······························································································ 300

11.3.8 映射模式示例······························································································ 301

11.4 图像格式处理········································································································· 303

11.5 GDI 字体················································································································· 305

11.5.1 Win32 字体类型·························································································· 305

11.5.2 基本字体元素······························································································ 305

11.5.3 GDI 字体分类······························································································ 306

11.5.4 显示不同字体······························································································ 307

11.5.5 实际创建一种字体······················································································ 307

第12 章 多媒体技术············································································································· 310

12.1 多媒体技术概述····································································································· 310

12.1.1 MPC 标准···································································································· 310

12.1.2 多媒体技术应用领域·················································································· 310

12.1.3 开发多媒体应用程序的工具······································································· 311

12.2 特殊显示效果········································································································· 312

12.2.1 基本原理····································································································· 313

12.2.2 使用CopyRect 实现特效············································································· 313

12.2.3 使用BitBlt 实现特效·················································································· 314

12.3 动画························································································································ 319

12.3.1 文字动画····································································································· 319

12.3.2 图像动画····································································································· 320

12.4 音频与视频············································································································· 322

12.4.1 WAV 与MIDI 文件简介·············································································· 322

12.4.2 AVI 文件格式······························································································ 324

12.4.3 TMediaPlayer 组件的使用··········································································· 325

12.5 MessageBeep( )函数································································································ 328

12.6 PlaySound( )函数···································································································· 329

12.7 mciSendString( )函数······························································································ 330

第13 章 消息处理技术········································································································· 333

13.1 Windows 消息········································································································· 333

13.1.1 了解消息····································································································· 333

13.1.2 消息结构····································································································· 333

13.1.3 消息类型····································································································· 334

13.1.4 消息处理····································································································· 335

13.1.5 应用程序的消息循环·················································································· 338

13.2 Delphi 消息处理机制······························································································ 339

13.2.1 消息处理函数······························································································ 339

13.2.2 应用程序消息······························································································ 340

13.3 发送消息················································································································· 341

13.3.1 Perform()函数······························································································ 341

13.3.2 SendMessage( )和PostMessage( )函数························································ 341

13.4 消息和事件············································································································· 341

13.4.1 消息和事件的工作原理··············································································· 341

13.4.2 消息与事件的对应关系··············································································· 343

13.4.3 使用Windows 消息处理Delphi 没有的事件·············································· 343

13.5 消息处理编程示例································································································· 346

第14 章 多线程编程············································································································· 348

14.1 线程的基础知识····································································································· 348

14.1.1 进程与线程关系·························································································· 348

14.1.2 多线程应用条件·························································································· 349

14.2 VCL 线程对象········································································································ 351

14.2.1 TThread 类··································································································· 351

14.2.2 线程函数····································································································· 354

14.2.3 线程的挂起与继续······················································································ 355

14.2.4 线程的终止与异常处理··············································································· 356

14.3 管理多线程············································································································· 357

14.3.1 线程同步技术······························································································ 357

14.3.2 线程优先级·································································································· 358

14.4 多线程示例············································································································· 365

第15 章 动态链接库和组件包······························································································ 374

15.1 动态链接库概述····································································································· 374

15.1.1 动态链接库的概念······················································································ 374

15.1.2 Windows 系统的动态链接库······································································· 374

15.1.3 动态链接与静态链接·················································································· 375

15.1.4 DLL 和系统变量························································································· 376

15.1.5 DLL 的入口点函数····················································································· 376

15.1.6 DLL 和内存管理························································································· 377

15.1.7 DLL 中的数据····························································································· 377

15.1.8 DLL 中的异常和运行时错误······································································ 377

15.2 创建和调用DLL ···································································································· 378

15.2.1 创建DLL 的基本步骤················································································· 378

15.2.2 调用DLL····································································································· 381

15.3 在DLL 中封装窗体································································································ 384

15.4 使用DLL 共享数据································································································ 386

15.4.1 内存映射文件的概念·················································································· 386

15.4.2 与内存映射文件相关的函数······································································· 387

15.4.3 使用内存映射文件在DLL 中共享数据······················································ 389

15.5 钩子函数················································································································· 392

15.5.1 钩子链········································································································· 392

15.5.2 钩子函数····································································································· 392

15.5.3 钩子类型····································································································· 392

15.5.4 与使用钩子相关的函数··············································································· 394

15.5.5 使用钩子函数监测所有鼠标动作的实例···················································· 395

15.6 包和DLL················································································································ 398

15.6.1 为什么使用包······························································································ 399

15.6.2 与包有关的文件类型·················································································· 399

15.6.3 运行时包····································································································· 399

15.6.4 设计时包····································································································· 401

15.6.5 创建和编辑包······························································································ 403

15.6.6 配置包········································································································· 407

15.6.7 包集合文件·································································································· 408

15.6.8 使用包和DLL····························································································· 409

第16 章 开发新的VCL 组件································································································ 411

16.1 开发组件简介········································································································· 411

16.1.1 什么是组件·································································································· 411

16.1.2 为什么使用组件·························································································· 411

16.1.3 Delphi 的组件库基础·················································································· 412

16.1.4 组件和类····································································································· 417

16.1.5 开发组件的要求·························································································· 417

16.1.6 如何选择新组件的基类··············································································· 419

16.1.7 开发新组件的基本步骤··············································································· 420

16.1.8 测试未安装的组件······················································································ 423

16.1.9 测试已安装的组件······················································································ 424

16.2 组件开发过程中的面向对象编程··········································································· 424

16.2.1 定义新类····································································································· 424

16.2.2 祖先、后代及类层次·················································································· 425

16.2.3 访问控制····································································································· 425

16.2.4 分派方式····································································································· 426

16.2.5 抽象类成员·································································································· 427

16.2.6 类和指针····································································································· 428

16.3 创建属性················································································································· 428

16.3.1 属性的类型·································································································· 428

16.3.2 发布继承的属性·························································································· 428

16.3.3 定义属性····································································································· 428

16.3.4 存储和装载属性·························································································· 432

16.4 创建事件················································································································· 434

16.4.1 事件定义····································································································· 434

16.4.2 怎样实现标准事件······················································································ 436

16.4.3 定义新事件·································································································· 437

16.5 创建方法················································································································· 439

16.5.1 避免互相依赖······························································································ 439

16.5.2 命名方法的惯例·························································································· 439

16.5.3 保护方法····································································································· 440

16.5.4 使方法变为虚方法······················································································ 440

16.5.5 声明方法····································································································· 440

16.6 在组件中使用图形································································································· 440

16.6.1 VCL 的图形接口························································································· 441

16.6.2 使用Canvas································································································· 441

16.6.3 使用图形工作······························································································ 441

16.6.4 脱屏位图（Off-Screen Bitmap）································································· 443

16.6.5 对变化作出反应·························································································· 443

16.7 处理消息和系统通知······························································································ 444

16.7.1 理解消息处理系统······················································································ 444

16.7.2 改变消息处理方法······················································································ 445

16.7.3 创建新的消息处理方法··············································································· 446

16.8 使组件在设计阶段可用·························································································· 448

16.8.1 注册组件····································································································· 448

16.8.2 安装组件到组件面板·················································································· 450

16.8.3 使组件的资源文件可用··············································································· 452

16.8.4 为组件设置位图·························································································· 453

16.8.5 为组件提供帮助·························································································· 454

16.8.6 增加属性编辑器·························································································· 454

16.8.7 加入组件编辑器·························································································· 457

16.9 修改现存的组件：制作非自动换行的Memo 组件··············································· 460

16.9.1 创建并注册组件·························································································· 460

16.9.2 修改组件类·································································································· 461

16.10 开发图形组件：制作Shape 图形组件································································· 462

16.10.1 创建和注册组件························································································ 462

16.10.2 发布继承的属性························································································ 462

16.10.3 增加图形能力···························································································· 463

16.11 开发窗口控件：制作Calendar 组件····································································· 468

16.11.1 创建并注册组件························································································ 468

16.11.2 发布继承属性···························································································· 469

16.11.3 改变初始值································································································ 470

16.11.4 重定义单元格大小···················································································· 470

16.11.5 填充单元格································································································ 471

16.11.6 跟踪日期···································································································· 472

16.11.7 导航月和年································································································ 476

16.11.8 导航日期···································································································· 476

16.12 开发数据感知控件：制作数据感知的Calender 组件·········································· 478

16.12.1 制作一个数据浏览控件············································································· 478

16.12.2 制作一个数据编辑控件············································································· 482

16.13 开发非可视组件：制作Dialog 组件···································································· 486

16.13.1 定义组件接口···························································································· 486

16.13.2 创建和注册组件························································································ 487

16.13.3 创建组件接口···························································································· 487

16.13.4 测试对话框组件························································································ 488

第17 章 Delphi 两层数据库开发·························································································· 489

17.1 数据库基础知识····································································································· 489

17.1.1 数据库的出现和发展·················································································· 489

17.1.2 数据库的组成······························································································ 491

17.1.3 数据库系统模型·························································································· 492

17.1.4 数据库的常用概念······················································································ 494

17.1.5 目前流行的数据库介绍··············································································· 495

17.1.6 数据库开发的一般方法··············································································· 498

17.2 Delphi 的数据库体系结构······················································································ 500

17.2.1 Delphi 数据库访问原理··············································································· 500

17.2.2 Delphi 与其他数据库开发工具的比较························································ 502

17.2.3 Delphi 的数据库开发优势··········································································· 503

17.3 Delphi 支持的数据引擎·························································································· 503

17.3.1 BDE 数据库引擎························································································· 504

17.3.2 ADO 数据库引擎························································································ 504

17.3.3 dbExpress 数据库引擎················································································· 505

17.3.4 Interbase 数据库引擎··················································································· 506

17.4 数据访问组件········································································································· 506

17.4.1 数据库组件·································································································· 507

17.4.2 数据库连接组件·························································································· 512

17.4.3 数据集组件·································································································· 513

17.4.4 数据源组件·································································································· 535

17.5 数据感知组件········································································································· 537

17.5.1 单行字符字段编辑框组件（TDBText）····················································· 538

17.5.2 单行字段编辑框组件（TDBEdit）····························································· 542

17.5.3 多行字段编辑框组件（TDBMemo） ························································· 545

17.5.4 图像字段组件（TDBImage） ····································································· 550

17.5.5 字段列表框组件（TDBListBox） ······························································ 551

17.5.6 字段下拉列表框组件（TDBComboBox）·················································· 554

17.5.7 参照字段列表框组件（TDBLookupListBox） ··········································· 555

17.5.8 参照字段下拉列表框组件（TDBLookupComboBox） ······························ 557

17.5.9 记录导航组件（TDBNavigator） ······························································· 559

17.5.10 表格组件（TDBGrid） ············································································· 563

17.6 Delphi 的其他支持································································································· 569

17.6.1 DataPump ···································································································· 569

17.6.2 DataDesktop································································································· 572

17.6.3 BDE 配置工具····························································································· 581

17.6.4 SQL Explorer 实用工具··············································································· 582

17.7 如何连接数据库····································································································· 584

17.7.1 BDE 方式连接Access ················································································· 584

17.7.2 ODBC 方式连接Access ·············································································· 584

17.7.3 ADO 方式连接Access ················································································ 588

17.7.4 连接文本文件······························································································ 590

17.8 一些常用工具和数据字典的用法··········································································· 591

17.8.1 SQL 监视器································································································· 591

17.8.2 数据字典····································································································· 591

第18 章 客户/服务器编程···································································································· 593

18.1 从桌面数据库到客户/服务器结构········································································· 593

18.1.1 为什么要采用客户/服务器结构·································································· 593

18.1.2 客户/服务器体系结构················································································· 594

18.2 服务器端的设计开发······························································································ 596

18.2.1 数据库对象·································································································· 596

18.2.2 定义数据库表······························································································ 596

18.2.3 使用域········································································································· 598

18.2.4 定义视图、存储过程和触发器··································································· 598

18.2.5 业务规则····································································································· 603

18.2.6 数据库对象的访问权限··············································································· 604

18.3 客户端使用SQL 服务器························································································ 605

18.3.1 连接SQL 服务器························································································ 605

18.3.2 获得SQL 数据库信息················································································· 608

18.3.3 查询数据库·································································································· 608

18.3.4 数据库更新·································································································· 613

18.3.5 执行存储过程······························································································ 614

第19 章 多层数据库应用程序的开发·················································································· 619

19.1 多层体系结构和技术概述······················································································ 619

19.1.1 多层体系结构概述······················································································ 619

19.1.2 多层体系结构的优点·················································································· 620

19.1.3 多层体系结构技术概述··············································································· 622

19.2 客户端程序开发····································································································· 628

19.2.1 客户端应用程序的结构··············································································· 628

19.2.2 创建客户端应用程序的步骤······································································· 628

19.2.3 连接应用服务器·························································································· 629

19.2.4 管理应用服务器连接·················································································· 631

19.2.5 处理约束和客户端的差错控制··································································· 632

19.2.6 数据更新····································································································· 632

19.3 服务器程序开发····································································································· 634

19.3.1 创建应用服务器的步骤··············································································· 634

19.3.2 创建及配置远程数据模块··········································································· 636

19.3.3 建立IProvider 接口····················································································· 638

19.4 InternetExpress 扩展······························································································· 640

19.4.1 XML Broker 组件························································································ 640

19.4.2 TinetXPageProducer 组件············································································ 644

19.5 支持CORBA 和MTS····························································································· 645

19.5.1 CORBA ······································································································· 645

19.5.2 MTS············································································································· 646

19.6 Briefcase（公文包）程序······················································································· 648

第20 章 报表、图表和决策的支持······················································································ 651

20.1 使用QuickReport 组件创建报表············································································ 651

20.1.1 安装QReport 组件面板··············································································· 651

20.1.2 QuickReport 组件介绍················································································· 652

20.1.3 报表向导····································································································· 660

20.2 使用Rave 组件创建报表························································································ 662

20.2.1 开发环境介绍······························································································ 663

20.2.2 Rave 组件介绍····························································································· 664

20.2.3 创建视图····································································································· 666

20.2.4 创建报表····································································································· 669

20.2.5 应用实例····································································································· 672

20.3 TeeChart 图表组件·································································································· 676

20.3.1 TeeChart 组件介绍······················································································ 676

20.3.2 TeeChart 组件常用属性和方法··································································· 676

20.3.3 TeeChart 组件的使用··················································································· 677

20.3.4 Series 对象介绍··························································································· 679

20.3.5 创建数据库图表·························································································· 680

20.3.6 创建QuickReport 图表················································································ 682

20.3.7 使用TeeChart 向导创建图表······································································ 682

20.3.8 图表的预览，打印和导出··········································································· 684

20.4 Decision Cube 决策组件························································································· 685

20.4.1 Decision Cube 组件····················································································· 685

20.4.2 Decision Query 组件···················································································· 688

20.4.3 Decision Grid 组件······················································································· 689

20.4.4 Decision Graph 组件···················································································· 692

20.4.5 Decision Pivot 组件····················································································· 694

20.4.6 DecisionSource 组件···················································································· 697

第21 章 从数据建模到系统开发·························································································· 698

21.1 软件工程介绍········································································································· 698

21.1.1 生命周期法·································································································· 698

21.1.2 快速原型法·································································································· 700

21.2 数据库的建立········································································································· 702

21.2.1 需求分析····································································································· 702

21.2.2 数据建模····································································································· 703

21.2.3 设计规范化·································································································· 704

21.2.4 自动化设计工具·························································································· 704

21.3 设计用户端界面····································································································· 705

21.3.1 用户界面设计的基本原则··········································································· 705

21.3.2 Delphi 中用户界面设计··············································································· 706

21.4 基于ADO 两层结构的实现··················································································· 707

21.5 使用多层结构的实现······························································································ 708

21.5.1 基于DataSnap 技术的多层数据库应用程序··············································· 708

21.5.2 使用Bussiness Broker Server 的多层数据库应用程序································ 709

21.5.3 逻辑三层结构的数据库应用程序······························································· 709

21.6 发布到Web············································································································· 710

21.7 “图书管理系统”示例·························································································· 711

21.7.1 程序功能及总体结构设计··········································································· 711

21.7.2 数据库设计·································································································· 713

21.7.3 数据模块设计······························································································ 713

21.7.4 用户登录模块的实现·················································································· 714

21.7.5 图书馆管理系统功能的实现······································································· 717

21.7.6 修改图书记录模块的实现··········································································· 718

21.7.7 修改学生记录模块的实现··········································································· 721

21.7.8 修改密码设置模块的实现··········································································· 724

21.7.9 生成预约图书的报表·················································································· 726

21.7.10 生成催还图书的报表················································································ 728

21.7.11 图书馆服务系统功能的实现····································································· 731

21.7.12 查询、借阅及预约图书············································································· 733

21.7.13 查询个人借阅情况及归还图书································································· 741

21.7.14 小结··········································································································· 746

第22 章 Internet 编程和Indy 组件······················································································· 747

22.1 WinSock 基础········································································································· 747

22.1.1 TCP、UDP 和IP ························································································· 747

22.1.2 套接字（Socket） ······················································································· 748

22.1.3 客户/服务器模式························································································· 749

22.1.4 面向连接的协议套接字的调用··································································· 750

22.1.5 面向无连接协议的套接字的调用······························································· 750

22.2 利用Winsock API 实现Socket 编程······································································· 751

22.2.1 常用WinSockAPI 函数··············································································· 751

22.2.2 利用WinSockAPI 实现Socket 编程··························································· 754

22.3 利用组件实现Socket 编程····················································································· 762

22.3.1 TClientSocket 组件······················································································ 762

22.3.2 TServerSocket 组件····················································································· 763

22.3.3 Indy 组件介绍····························································································· 764

22.4 编程示例················································································································· 772

22.4.1 远程抓屏示例······························································································ 772

22.4.2 局域网聊天程序·························································································· 780